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Part of Sharaa seized control of Syria, leading to Syrian threats against Israel and the rejection of a 15-point peace plan for Gaza.

How will the rise of Al-Sharaa's militia affect Syria's political and humanitarian status?

Syria faces catastrophic humanitarian crisis under new Islamist rule The establishment of Al-Sharaa's militia as the ruling force in Damascus has ushered in an era of Islamisation and severe human rights abuses within Syria. The new regime has reportedly engaged in massacres and extrajudicial killings of religious minorities, including Alawites and Druze. Compounding this political shift, the humanitarian situation has become catastrophic, with 49 percent of the Syrian population reporting a lack of food, shelter, electricity, and protection in 2025.

Reported by 1 independent outlet Written Wednesday
Effect
Strong negative
How direct
2 steps, all reported
When
Over the long term
The story
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How it reaches Syria

Reported by news outlets

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The facts so far

As reported. Each one links to where it comes from.

  • Al-Sharaa's militia became the ruling force in Damascus at the end of 2024.wsws.org
  • Government troops and allied militias have taken part in massacres and extrajudicial killings of members of religious minorities, in particular Alawites and Druze.wsws.org
  • In 2025, 49 percent of the Syrian population said they lacked food, shelter, electricity and protection.wsws.org
  • 75 percent of all communities in Syria reported that there was not enough food available to supply the population.wsws.org

Why it matters

The shift in power from the Assad regime to an Islamist militia fundamentally alters Syria's internal stability and human rights profile. The new regime's actions, including the targeting of religious minorities and the drive toward Islamisation, indicate a severe deterioration of civil liberties and governance, making the country highly unstable.

This crisis is compounded by the country's existing devastation from 14 years of war. Furthermore, key external support resources, previously provided by Russia and Iran to the former regime, are no longer available, intensifying the already catastrophic humanitarian situation.

What we don't know yet

  • How will the new regime manage the lack of financial support from Russia and Iran?
  • What diplomatic pressure, if any, will the international community apply to the new ruling force?

What would change this answer

International sanctions are imposed on the new regimeThe economic and humanitarian crisis in Syria would likely worsen significantly due to restricted aid and trade.
A new diplomatic agreement is reached with Al-SharaaThe immediate violence against religious minorities and the humanitarian situation could stabilize, though the long-term political risks remain.

— Other considerations

Beyond this explainer

Questions worth asking

Ideas the web ties closely to this story that the explainer doesn't mention. These are prompts for your own research: Brind hasn't answered them.

  • About Idlib

    Given the shift in power in Damascus, how might the new regime's policies affect the situation in Idlib?

    Explore Idlib
  • About Al Nusra

    Does the new Islamist militia have any organizational ties to groups like Al Nusra?

    Explore Al Nusra

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Each opens a map of what the web connects to it, with Brind's news on it.

IdlibAl NusraAssad RegimeReligious MinoritiesHayat Tahrir Al ShamHumanitarian CrisisInternational Sanctions

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Reporting

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The full eventAl-Sharaa's Militia Establishes Rule in Damascus, Driving Islamization Everything aboutSyria

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